ESG investing is a topic that we often view from our perch in the USA and from our observations and values in our local area. There have been plenty of global conferences and international treaties that have occurred and noble actions proposed from them. AND we haven't seen a significant decrease in global warming or air pollutant mitigation come from them. We have seen a push by developing countries to try to get free financing from the more developed countries to help them in their struggles with developing, the impacts from global warming, increases in their social and welfare standings. And we've seen a number of the big developed countries resisting providing this assistance or not signing onto the treaties as a whole. Even though there is universal agreement that the global warming and greenhouse gas issues are incredibly important, there is not universal agreement in who should take responsibility, nor in mechanisms for enforcing compliance.
Based on the top paragraph:
how an international treaty would tax or penalize and collect a fine from China, Russia, or the US if they just didn't want to pay or comply? Who would collect? How would the collected assets be used?