Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is a medical treatment used to supplement or replace hormones that the body may no longer produce in adequate amounts. It is commonly used to alleviate symptoms associated with hormonal changes, particularly in menopause for women. In women, menopause marks the cessation of menstrual periods and a decline in estrogen and progesterone production by the ovaries. In females, menopause typically occurs around the age of 45 to 55 years and marks the end of the reproductive phase. During this natural process, the ovaries gradually decrease their production of estrogen and progesterone, leading to several physiological changes. Estrogen plays a crucial role in regulating the menstrual cycle. Progesterone, another hormone produced by the ovaries, helps regulate the menstrual cycle and supports pregnancy. Its decline during menopause can exacerbate symptoms related to estrogen deficiency. Symptoms of menopause in women such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and vaginal dryness can significantly impact quality of life. HRT aims to alleviate these symptoms by providing estrogen (with or without progesterone) in a manner that matches natural hormone levels. This can effectively manage symptoms and reduce th e risk of long-term health issues. However, HRT is not without risks. Studies have linked it to an increased risk of certain conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and breast cancer in women. Therefore, the decision to undergo HRT should involve a thorough discussion with a healthcare provider, weighing the benefits against potential risks based on individual health history and symptoms.