(Solved): Part I Indicate whether each statement below is describing a mediation hypothesis, a third-variable ...

Part I Indicate whether each statement below is describing a mediation hypothesis, a third-variable argument, or a moderator result. First, identify the key bivariate relationship. Then, decide whether the extra variable comes between the two key variables or is causing the two key variables simultaneously. (It helps to sketch the various explanations to see the difference.) a. Viewing violent television is associated with aggressive behavior because children model what they see on TV. b. Viewing violent television is associated with aggressive behavior because people who watch more violent TV have more lenient parents, and these lenient parents also do not care if their children are violent. c. Viewing violent television is associated with aggressive behavior very strongly among teenagers, but less strongly among young adults. d. Children with unusual names are more likely to have delinquency records as adolescents, but the link is especially strong in the United States; the link is weaker in Canada. e. Children with unusual names are more likely to have delinquency records as adolescents because they get teased more, and the teasing makes them act out. f. Children with unusual names are more likely to have delinquency records as adolescents because middleclass children have more typical names than children in other socioeconomic groups, and middle-class children are less likely to be identified as delinquent than children in other socioeconomic groups. Part II A magazine, The Atlantic, provides a clearly written summary of a recent longitudinal study. The headline reads: Study: Math Skills at Age 7 Predict How Much Money. You'll Make (Source: https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/05/studymath-skills-at-age-7-predict-how-much-money-youllmake/275690/ According to the summary, the researchers measured kids' IQ, math skills, reading skills, and SES (Socioeconomic status) at age seven, and then measured their income at age 42 . They found that: How much money the people made at midlife was predicted by math ability at age seven. The other factors may have helped them on the path to success, but even when those were controlled for, the association between basic math and reading skills and future socioeconomic status remained, and remained significant ... Do you notice how this description uses the key phrase, "even when those were controlled for"? This should signal to you that the researchers used multiple regression in their design. A. What might the regression table have looked like in the study? What would the DV have been? What would the predictor variables have been? Estimate what you think the beta might have been for the predictor, "Math skills at age 7"-that is, is it positive or negative? Significant or not? B. Suppose a critic reads this article and says, "I don't think that it's math skills - I think it's IQ. Smarter people just earn more money and they did better at math as kids, that's all." What should you say in response? In this study, is IQ a potential third variable that could explain the association between math skills and future income? C. Now suppose that a critic suggests that school quality might be a third variable. Kids who go to higher-quality schools had better math skills and also made more money. In this study, is school quality a potential third variable that could have explained the association between math skills and future income?