(Solved): please help asap Q10. Below are multiple oxygen binding curves displaved. Curve 3 represents an iso ...

Q10. Below are multiple oxygen binding curves displaved. Curve 3 represents an isolated hemoglobin (Hb) from RBC (with $5\mathrm{mM}$ 2.3-BPG) placed under physiologic conditions (i.e. $30\mathrm{mm}\mathrm{Hg}$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}7.0$ ). Identify which curve corresponds to the following changes in conditions (Can be used more than once, including curve 3, or not at all). Curves 1 and $S$ are hyperbolic curves, while Curve $2-4$ are sigmoid curve. [no explanation is needed, and the ones in BOLD represent the change from physiological conditions] For each one, use one to two sentences to explain. (i) $\mathrm{Hb}$ with 2,3-BPG removal under identical physiologic conditions. Explain: (ii) $\mathrm{Hb}$ at $50\mathrm{mm}\mathrm{Hg}$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}7.0$ (iii) $\mathrm{Hb}$ at $30\mathrm{mm}\mathrm{Hg}$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}6.0$. (iv) Dissociation of $\mathrm{Hb}$ into subunits at $30\mathrm{mm}\mathrm{Hg}$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}7.0$ (v) deoxyhemoglobin with a cross-linked reagent $30\mathrm{mm}{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\text{of }}{\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}7.0$. Y (vi) hemoglobin isoform ${\alpha }_2$ at $30\mathrm{mm}\mathrm{Hg}$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}7.0$ (vii) Hemoglobin isolated from sickle cell anemia patients treated with hydroxyurea at $30\mathrm{mM}\mathrm{Hg}$ of (viii) Hb with proximal His substituted with Val. (vi) Methemoglobin at $30\mathrm{mM}{\mathrm{Hg}}^2$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}7.0$ (v) $\mathrm{HB}$ at $50\mathrm{mm}\mathrm{Hg}$ of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $\mathrm{pH}$ 6. (Indicate a possible curve with binding type between two of the above curves (for example, the answer can be "a sigmoid curve between 1 and 2 "). Q13. The enzymatic reaction shown on the right answers the following questions. Your answers must be based on the figure, not the content in textbook. [14; 78] (1) residue(s) serve as general acid catalysis (may have more than one) (2) residue(s) serve as covalent catalysis (may have more than one) (3) The oxyanion hole is most likely stabilized by amino acid residues (give TWO) (4) Use one sentence to describe how this enzyme recognizes (or select) Phe (structure shown in the figure): (5) This enzyme is inactivated by Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DIFP). The DPF is one example of inhibitor (inhibition). Draw the mechanism for Ser residue interacting with DIFP (6) Based on enzyme classification, chymotrypsin is (e.g., Lyase is one of them). (7) When the digested peptides are produced too much, they will inhibit (or slow down) further digestion. The inhibition is inhibition (or regulation). (Hint: zymogen is one type of enzyme regulation). Q16. Use metal stick for substrate (S) and magnet for enzyme (E), demonstrate the lock-and-key model is incorrect. P is the product and the line in the graph presents the uncatalyzed reaction. You must draw the structure of ES complex and the catalyzed energy profile for lock-and-key model to justify your answer. $[6;96]$ Q17. Indicate WHERE the following chemicals bind in hemoglobin and how many molecules per hemoglobin. ${\mathrm{CO}}_2,\mathrm{CO},{\mathrm{O}}_2,2,3-\mathrm{BPG},\mathrm{NO},{\mathrm{H}}^{\ast }\cdot [4;100]$