calculating the reaction forces:The pin support at A is replaced by two reaction forces in horizontal and vertical directions whereas the roller support at B is replaced by a single reaction force in vertical direction. The uniformly distributed load(UDL) of 2kN/m is replaced by a point load of 10kN that acts at the center of its application which is 2.5m from the A.sign convention upward:+vedownward:-veright side:+veleft side:-ve clockwise:-vecounterclockwise:+ve considering the equilibrium condition of the beam.