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The Pennes equation is used by biomedical engineers to estimate the rate that heat is transferred ...
The Pennes equation is used by biomedical engineers to estimate the rate that heat is transferred to or from living tissues as a function of blood flow rate: \[ J=\frac{Q \rho}{V} C_{p}\left(T_{a}-T_{V}\right) \] \( \mathrm{Q} \) is the volumetric flow rate \( \rho \) is the density of blood \( \mathrm{V} \) is the volume of the tissue \( C_{p} \) is the heat capacity \( \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{a}} \) and \( \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{v}} \) are temperatures \( \mathrm{J} \) is the heat transfer rate to tissues (Joules/(volume*time)) What are the units of heat capacity?